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清末新政时期,清政府曾在内蒙古地区大规模推行了开放招垦蒙旗土地的政策,在蒙古近代史上造成了巨大影响。新中国成立以来,主要是近30年来,有关学术界已相当普遍地把清政府的这项政策称为“移民实边”。例如,在颇有影响的《内蒙古历史概要》中,就有专门一节叙述“清廷的移民实边政策及在内蒙古实施新政”。60年代初,内蒙古历史学界就“移民实边”政策的评价问题展开过相当热烈的讨论。在这场讨论中,便有人明确提出:“‘移民实边’四字
During the period of the New Deal in the late Qing Dynasty, the Qing government carried out a large-scale policy of opening up and reclaiming land for Mongolian land in Inner Mongolia and caused tremendous impact in the modern history of Mongolia. Since the founding of New China, mainly in the past 30 years, the relevant academic circles have, quite generally, referred to the Qing government’s policy as ”immigrants“. For example, in the influential ”Inner Mongolia Historical Summary,“ there is a special section on ”The Policy Towards Qing Immigration and Implementing the New Deal in Inner Mongolia.“ In the early 1960s, Inner Mongolia historians started a rather heated discussion on the evaluation of the ”immigrants’ solidarity“ policy. In this discussion, someone explicitly pointed out: ”The word immigrants are solid."