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黄土窑洞在我国华北和西北地区分布较多,是黄土高原的劳动人民长期同大自然斗争中产生的一种较好的传统建筑形式.认真研究这些地区民用窑洞建筑的抗震性能具有重要意义.最近,我对临汾1695年8级地震极震区附近现存的两孔窑洞进行了初步考查.临汾县龙祠公社晋棠村吕信头家一孔座西向东的半地下窑洞,地处罗云山前洪冲积扇上,土质都是沙石土粒,胶合程度较差.该窑是在平地挖下1.50米,下壁用石块砌1米,其余全部用砖砌起.窑外长11.20米,外宽6.60米,高4.15米,窑壁宽1.40米,窑的内深10.50米,内宽3.80米,高2.60米.窑的前部有门和窗,后部开有窗户.据该村《重建三圣庙碑记》记载,康熙三十四年地震庙宇全毁,十年后由村西迁至村中.调查时据村内群众和窑主人反映:前人相传,康熙年间地震时,全村房舍窑洞倒塌,唯有该窑无损,现在还可住人.
Loess cave is more distributed in North China and Northwest China.It is a better traditional building form that the working people in the Loess Plateau struggle with nature for a long time.It is of great significance to study the seismic performance of civil cave buildings in these areas.Recently , I conducted a preliminary examination of the two existing cave holes in the vicinity of the quake zone of the 895 Linfen earthquake in Linfen County. Alluvial fan, the soil is gravel soil, the degree of bonding is poor. The kiln is dug 1.50 meters in the ground, the lower wall with a brick puzzle 1 meter, the rest of the brick with a brick kiln 11.20 meters, the outer width 6.60 meters, 4.15 meters high, the kiln wall width of 1.40 meters, 10.50 meters deep inside the kiln, 3.80 meters wide and 2.60 meters high.KilnThe front door and window, the rear open a window.According to the village “reconstruction three Temple tablets ”records, thirty-four years Kangxi temple destroyed the whole earthquake, ten years after the village moved from the village to the village.According to the investigation of the masses and kiln owners reflect: According to legend, during the Kangxi reign, the collapse of the village house cave Only the kiln is nondestructive, and it is still possible for people to live.