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采用稀释共沉淀法制备了Mg O-Zr O2固体碱催化剂,通过催化预处理低酸值油的酯交换反应来制备生物柴油。采用BET、SEM、XRD等方法对催化剂进行表征。主要研究了固体碱制备中Mg O-Zr O2物料比和煅烧温度对催化剂催化活性的影响,通过对比发现:制备的催化剂孔径均在2~10 nm之间,Zr O2以单斜晶相微晶形式存在并很好地分散于Mg O相中,表现出较高的催化活性。当固体碱中Mg/Zr物料比为3∶1,煅烧温度为500℃时催化剂的活性最佳,通过对酯交换反应影响因素的考察得到了催化反应的最佳工艺条件;酯交换率达到96.9%。
The Mg O-Zr O2 solid base catalyst was prepared by dilute coprecipitation method, and biodiesel was prepared by transesterification reaction of pretreated low acid value oil. The catalysts were characterized by BET, SEM and XRD. The effects of MgO-ZrO2 mass ratio and calcination temperature on the catalytic activity of the catalysts were mainly studied. The results show that the pore sizes of the prepared catalysts are between 2 and 10 nm, and the molar ratio of ZrO2 to monoclinic phase Form exists and is well dispersed in the Mg O phase, showing higher catalytic activity. When the solid / alkali ratio of Mg / Zr is 3:1 and the calcination temperature is 500 ℃, the catalyst activity is the best. The optimum conditions for the catalytic reaction are obtained through the investigation of the influencing factors of the transesterification reaction. The transesterification rate reaches 96.9 %.