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[目的]分析男女肺癌患者的临床特点。[方法]对1996年7月至2003年1月495例女性肺癌与同期的1256例男性肺癌临床资料对比分析。[结果]女性肺癌的吸烟人数明显少于男性(χ2=44.587,P<0.001);女性BMI明显较男性低(χ2=6.041,P=0.014)。女性肺癌家族史比例远大于男性肺癌(χ2=6.095,P=0.014)。女性组血清CEA异常明显高于男性组(χ2=5.343,P=0.021)。女性肺癌以腺癌多见(χ2=5.343,P=0.021),而男性肺癌则以鳞癌为多见(χ2=26.042,P<0.001)。女性组3年生存率为28.00%,高于男性组的14.64%(χ2=3.930,P=0.047)。女性及男性肺癌周围型和中央型肺癌的发病率及临床表现相当,均以右肺为主。[结论]应提高对女性肺癌的认识和重视,努力控制和减少女性肺癌的致病因素,提高早期诊断率,改善预后。
[Objective] To analyze the clinical features of male and female patients with lung cancer. [Method] The clinical data of 496 women with lung cancer and 1256 men with lung cancer from July 1996 to January 2003 were compared. [Results] The smoking number of female lung cancer was significantly less than that of male (χ2 = 44.587, P <0.001). The female BMI was significantly lower than that of male (χ2 = 6.041, P = 0.014). The proportion of women with family history of lung cancer was significantly greater than that of men with lung cancer (χ2 = 6.095, P = 0.014). Serum CEA abnormalities in women were significantly higher than those in men (χ2 = 5.343, P = 0.021). Female lung cancer is more common in adenocarcinoma (χ2 = 5.343, P = 0.021), while male lung cancer is more common in squamous cell carcinoma (χ2 = 26.042, P <0.001). The 3-year survival rate of female group was 28.00%, which was 14.64% higher than that of male group (χ2 = 3.930, P = 0.047). The incidence and clinical manifestations of peripheral lung cancer and central lung cancer in both women and men are quite similar, with the right lung as the main one. [Conclusion] The cognition and emphasis of female lung cancer should be raised, efforts should be made to control and reduce the risk factors of female lung cancer, improve the early diagnosis rate and improve the prognosis.