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深入了解力—电环境对骨组织生长和改建的作用机制,不仅是骨生物力学中一个基本理论课题,也是骨矫形外科急需解决的临床应用项目.以往的实验和临床研究,多侧重于骨器官和骨组织的水平,而对骨发生和代谢的组织学机制所知甚少.本实验使用已初步建立起来的鼠颅盖骨成骨细胞体外培养模型,对力—电环境刺激下成骨细胞的分化、代谢及体外骨生成过程.进行了免疫组织化学、电镜细胞化学和X线探针能谱分析等研究;并应用粘附式细胞激光定量分析及筛选仪,动态追踪观察了活细胞受到刺激后,细胞内DNA含量和钙离子浓度变化;最后对较适宜的力—电刺激强度区间,进行了定量研究.结果显示:骨在外界载荷作用下,可表现出明显的电现象,其产生机制源于压电效应和流动电动势,这种力—电效应为临床骨伤病治疗中,使用加压固定和直流电流刺激等方法,提供了理论依据.体外培养成骨细胞,具备骨生长能力,在适宜的微量直流电刺激下(85～212μA/cm~2),细胞代谢活动增强,骨生成速度加快.刺激电流密度是衡量直流电流作用效果的有效指标,刺激电流密度介于85～212μA/cm~2之间时,可促使成骨细胞膜上钙离子通道开放,增加细胞内游离钙离子浓度,促进DNA合成和细胞分裂增殖.控制钙离子通道启闭,是力—电环境影响骨生长和代谢的细胞生物学机制
It is not only a basic theoretical issue in bone biomechanics but also a clinical application urgently needed to be solved in orthopedic surgery.During the past experimental and clinical researches, more emphasis is placed on the mechanisms of bone-organ growth and remodeling And bone tissue levels, and histopathology of bone formation and metabolism is poorly understood.This experiment used the initial establishment of rat calvaria osteoblasts in vitro culture model, the force - electric environment stimulated osteoblasts Differentiation, metabolism and in vitro osteogenesis process.Immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy cytochemistry and X-ray spectroscopy energy spectrum analysis and other studies; and application of adherent cell laser quantitative analysis and screening instrument, dynamic tracking of living cells by After stimulation, the intracellular DNA content and calcium ion concentration changes; Finally, the more appropriate force - the range of electrical stimulation intensity, the quantitative study showed that: under the action of external load, the bone can show obvious electrical phenomena, which produce Mechanism from the piezoelectric effect and mobile electromotive force, the force - electric effect for the treatment of clinical bone injury, the use of pressure fixation and DC current stimulation and other methods to provide On the basis of osteoblasts cultured in vitro, with the ability of bone growth, with appropriate micro-DC stimulation (85 ~ 212μA / cm ~ 2), cell metabolism increased, the rate of bone formation accelerated stimulus current density is a measure of the effect of DC current When the stimulation current density is between 85 ~ 212μA / cm ~ 2, it can promote the opening of calcium channel in osteoblast membrane, increase the intracellular free calcium concentration, promote DNA synthesis and cell division and proliferation. Channel opening and closing, is the power-electric environment of bone growth and metabolism of cell biology