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目的探讨早产儿与足月儿静息态功能磁共振成像(RS-fMRI)脑默认网络的差异及意义。方法选择2012—2013年第三军医大学大坪医院儿科收治的新生儿进行RS-fMRI扫描筛查。通过采用低频振幅(ALFF)算法观察和比较早产儿组与足月儿组不同大脑区域ALFF的增强及减弱。结果研究期间共招募85例新生儿,排除39例脑损伤显著和图像预处理不符合标准者,共46例新生儿的结果纳入后续研究分析。17例早产儿与29例足月儿的RS-fMRI结果显示,与足月儿相比,早产儿大脑内侧前额叶皮层、额下回、眶额皮层、壳核、前颞叶、中间颞叶、前扣带回、后扣带回、中扣带回、苍白球、旁海马皮质脑区ALFF减弱,楔前叶、距状裂皮质ALFF增强。结论静息状态下,早产儿在额叶和颞叶等脑区功能活动显著减低,但部分集中在视觉区域的功能活动增强,提示早产儿脑内可能存在补偿效应。
Objective To investigate the differences and significance of brain default network in resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (RS-fMRI) between preterm and term infants. Methods We selected RS-fMRI screening of neonates admitted to Daping Hospital from 2012 to 2013 in the Third Military Medical University. ALFF enhancement and attenuation in different brain regions of preterm and full-term infants were observed and compared by using low frequency amplitude (ALFF) algorithm. Results A total of 85 newborns were recruited during the study period, 39 cases of brain injury were excluded and the image preconditioning did not meet the standard. A total of 46 newborns were included in the follow-up study. The results of RS-fMRI in 17 preterm infants and 29 full-term infants showed that compared with full-term infants, prefrontal cerebral medial prefrontal cortex, inferior frontal gyrus, orbital frontal cortex, putamen, anterior temporal lobe, medial temporal lobe , The anterior cingulate gyrus, the posterior cingulate gyrus, the cingulate gyrus, the globus pallidus, the hippocampal cortex brain area ALFF weakened, the anterior wedge leaf, and the mitotic cortex ALFF increased. Conclusion In resting state, preterm infants have significantly lower functional activities in the frontal and temporal lobes but more functional activities in the visual area, suggesting that compensatory effects may exist in preterm infants.