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一、一般情况海底锰结核分布在海底沉积的表层,埋藏于细粒(<2μ)淤泥质粘土沉积层中.该沉积层为褐色或红色,厚几毫米至18厘米,甚至更大,含一定量的锰铁氧化物,厚度愈大,铁锰氧化物沉积愈多,但其厚度与有机炭的含量成反比.锰结核的粒径小至2～1毫米,大至1米.海底锰结核的储量巨大:据Menard和Shipek(1958)估计,西南太平洋底的20～30%为锰结核所复盖;Skornyakova和Mero(1960)估计,东北太平洋底的10%为锰结核所复盖.
First, the general situation Submarine manganese nodules are distributed in the surface sediment submarine, buried in fine (<2μ) muddy clay sediments, the sediment is brown or red, a few millimeters to 18 centimeters thick, and even with a certain The amount of ferromanganese oxide, the greater the thickness, the more iron-manganese oxide deposition, but its thickness is inversely proportional to the content of organic carbon. Manganese nodules as small as 2 to 1 mm in diameter, up to 1 m. According to estimates by Menard and Shipek (1958), 20-30% of the bottom of the Southwest Pacific is covered by manganese nodules; Skornyakova and Mero (1960) estimate that 10% of the bottom of the northeastern Pacific Ocean is covered by manganese nodules.