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目的评价不同性别、年龄、民族、婚恋状况及不同受灾程度的地震灾区居民当前生理、心理、社会关系等方面的生存质量,了解汶川地震5年后灾区居民生存质量状况。方法采用世界卫生组织(WHO)制定的生存质量简表WHOQOL-BREF对四川省汉源县地震灾区500人进行问卷调查,分析其生存质量状况及相关影响因素。结果汶川地震5年后,灾区居民生存质量总体及各因子水平仍明显低于全国常模(P<0.001);男性在社会关系领域因子得分明显高于女性(t=3.963,P<0.001);未成年人在生存质量总分和社会关系领域因子得分明显低于成年人(t=–2.667,P<0.01;t=–19.287,P<0.001);未婚者的社会关系质量明显低于已婚者和同居者(P<0.001;P<0.01)。结论汶川地震5年后,灾区民众的生存质量仍明显低于全国一般水平;男性在社会关系领域的生存质量明显低于女性;未成年人与成年人相比,生存质量总体和社会关系领域均处于较差状态;已婚者和同居者的社会关系质量均优于未婚者,说明稳定的亲密关系有助于提高灾区居民的生存质量;另外,相较于地震中无损失或受损一般的居民,严重受损的居民其生存质量总体及环境领域的状况较差。
Objective To evaluate the current quality of life in earthquake, earthquake, earthquake and other affected areas of different sex, age, nationality, marital status and social disasters, and to understand the quality of life of affected residents in the disaster area after 5 years of Wenchuan earthquake. Methods The WHOQOLQQ-BREF was used to survey 500 people in the earthquake-stricken area of Hanyuan County in Sichuan Province. The quality of life and related factors were analyzed. Results After 5 years of the Wenchuan earthquake, the overall quality of life and the level of each factor in the affected areas were still significantly lower than that of the national norm (P <0.001). Men in the social relations field scores were significantly higher than those in women (t = 3.963, P <0.001). The score of minors in the total score of quality of life and social relations was significantly lower than that of adults (t = -2.667, P <0.01; t = -19.287, P <0.001); the quality of unmarried people’s social relations was significantly lower than that of married And cohabitants (P <0.001; P <0.01). Conclusion After five years of the Wenchuan earthquake, the quality of life of people in disaster-stricken areas was still significantly lower than the national average level. The quality of life of men in social relations was significantly lower than that of women. Compared with adults, the overall quality of life and social relations of minors The quality of social relations between married people and cohabitants is better than that of unmarried ones. It shows that the stable intimacy helps to improve the quality of life of disaster-stricken residents. In addition, compared with no loss or damage in earthquake Residents, severely damaged residents overall poor quality of life and the environment.