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目的:探讨安阳市无偿献血者人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染人群分布变化趋势,分析其流行病学特征,从而控制、阻断HIV的经血传播。方法:对2008-2014年安阳市无偿献血者血液进行HIV检测,统计HIV感染率和人群分布特征并进行比较。结果:2008-2014年安阳市无偿献血者374 067人份血液标本中抗-HIV确认阳性28例,HIV流行率为0.007 5%;历年HIV流行率比较,χ2=13.59,P<0.05;HIV感染者主要集中在18~35岁;男、女性别比较χ2=9.76,P<0.05;献血者中性传播占传播途径的78.57%(22/28)。结论:安阳市无偿献血者中HIV感染人群呈低流行状态,HIV感染呈年轻化、高学历、自由职业变化,感染途径主要是性传播,男男同性性传播呈现趋势化。应调整无偿献血人群宣传和招募策略,加强固定献血者队伍“防艾”知识教育,制定阻断经血传播的有效防范措施,确保临床用血安全。
Objective: To investigate the distribution trend of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in unpaid blood donors in Anyang City and to analyze its epidemiological characteristics so as to control and block the transmission of HIV. Methods: HIV was detected in the blood of unpaid blood donors in Anyang during 2008-2014. The prevalence of HIV infection and population distribution were calculated and compared. Results: Among the 374 067 blood donors in Anyang City in 2008-2014, 28 were positive for anti-HIV, the prevalence of HIV was 0.007 5%. The HIV prevalence over the years was χ2 = 13.59, P <0.05. HIV infection Those who were male and female were χ2 = 9.76, P <0.05. Neutral transmission of blood donors accounted for 78.57% (22/28) of the transmission routes. CONCLUSION: The HIV-infected population of unpaid blood donors in Anyang City is in a low-prevalence state. HIV infection is young, highly educated and free-lanced. The main route of infection is sexual transmission, and the transmission of male and female sex is trendy. Blood donation should be adjusted to promote publicity and recruitment strategies to strengthen the blood donors fixed team “AIDS prevention ” knowledge education, to develop effective prevention measures to block the spread of menstrual blood, to ensure clinical blood safety.