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目的探讨北京市肾综合征出血热(HFRS)宿主动物的感染情况与环境因素之间的关系。方法选择北京市9个区(县)作为研究试验区,设立14个调查点,对HFRS动物宿主感染情况进行调查,应用全球定位系统对调查点进行定位,在ArcGIS软件支持下,建立调查点矢量图层,并与北京市1∶100 000地形图、北京市Landsat-7 TM卫星遥感影像图及北京市高程图进行叠加,分别提取调查点周围2 km缓冲区内的平均海拔,校正植被指数及土地利用信息,导出后在SPSS 13.0中分析宿主感染情况与环境因素的联系。结果不同地区间HFRS动物宿主密度和带毒率的差异具有统计学意义;宿主带毒率和带毒指数与园地、水浇地面积成正相关关系;宿主带毒情况和校正植被指数之间无相关性;褐家鼠带毒率与海拔、水浇地面积之间呈正相关关系。结论北京地区肾综合征出血热动物感染情况与土地利用等地理环境因素有关,提示应根据不同地理环境特点采取有针对性的防控措施。
Objective To investigate the relationship between environmental factors and infection in host animal of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Beijing. Methods Nine districts (counties) in Beijing were selected as research experimental areas, 14 investigation points were set up to investigate the infection status of HFRS animal hosts, and the global positioning system was used to locate the survey sites. With the support of ArcGIS software, a survey point vector Layer and overlaid with 1: 100,000 topographic map of Beijing, Landsat-7 (TM) satellite remote sensing image of Beijing and elevation map of Beijing. The average elevation in the 2 km buffer zone around the survey site and the vegetation index Land use information, derived from SPSS 13.0 and analyzed for linkages between host infection and environmental factors. Results There was a significant difference in density and rate of HFRS animal hosts in different regions. The host virulence and virulence index had a positive correlation with the area of irrigated land and irrigated land. There was no correlation between host virulence and corrected vegetation index Sex; Rattus norvegicus infection rate and altitude, irrigated area was positively correlated. Conclusion The animal infection of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Beijing is related to the geographical factors such as land use, suggesting that targeted prevention and control measures should be taken according to the characteristics of different geographical environments.