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以美国山核桃9株自由授粉结果母树的种子分家系播种的1年生实生苗和未知亲本的野生混合种子播种的1年生实生苗为材料,研究了美国山核桃半同胞家系苗期生长状态和遗传特性;依据株高表型对苗圃的1年生实生苗进行了矮化苗选择,并对筛选苗进行了集中移栽养护、调查和复选。结果表明:不同美国山核桃半同胞家系1年生实生苗的苗高和茎粗有差异,且茎粗和苗高呈显著正相关;半同胞家系及其混合群体子代苗的茎粗和苗高均呈正态分布的特点;茎粗和苗高受遗传因素影响均较大,遗传力分别为0.88和0.89。在苗圃中筛选出嫁接未剪砧矮化苗499株和矮化实生苗531株,经移栽和1个生长季的养护,得健壮嫁接未剪砧矮化苗280株,矮化实生苗382株;经复选,获得极矮化美国山核桃已嫁接单株10个和实生单株12个。
The perennial seedlings of one-year-old seedlings planted with wild perennials and unidentified parents were used to study the growth status and inheritance of perennial semi-sib families in the United States According to the plant height phenotype, one-year-old seedlings of nursery were selected for dwarfing seedlings, and the selected seedlings were intensively transplanted for conservation, investigation and selection. The results showed that the seedling height and stem diameter of 1-year-old seedlings of semi-sib family in Hickory were different, and the stem diameter and seedling height were significantly and positively correlated. The stem diameter and seedling height of semi-sib family and its mixed population All of them had the characteristics of normal distribution. The stem diameter and seedling height were affected by genetic factors, and the heritabilities were 0.88 and 0.89 respectively. In the nursery, 499 dwarfing grafted plants and 531 dwarfing seedlings were screened. After transplanting and maintenance for one growing season, 280 dwarfing plants without dwarfing were dug, 382 dwarfing seedlings After selection, 10 dwarfed pecan grafted plants and 12 seedlings were obtained.