血痕的个人识别是法医学实践中最重要的课题之一。目前虽然有多种血型系统包括红细胞血型、红细胞酶型,血清型、以及白细胞血型等应用于血痕的个人识别,但每个系统都只能进行排除,而不能认定。交叉免疫电泳又名双向定量免疫电泳,由于其具有不需要复杂设备,操作简单、所需样品量少、特异性较强及重复性好等许多 Personal identification of bloodstains is one of the most important topics in forensic practice. Although a number of blood group systems, including red blood cell type, erythrocytic enzyme type, serotype, and white blood cell type, are used for personal identification of bloodstains, each system can only be excluded and can not be identified. Cross-immune electrophoresis, also known as two-dimensional quantitative immunoelectrophoresis, due to its do not require complex equipment, simple operation, the required amount of small samples, strong specificity and repeatability, etc.