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目的了解宁夏地区丙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis C virus,HCV)的毒株亚型和病毒在人群中的分布情况。方法采用ELISA方法对艾滋病哨点监测人群进行HCV抗体检测,抗体阳性样本进行实时荧光定量PCR检测,HCV RNA阳性样本采用反向点杂交法进行基因型别检测。结果检测各类人群13 200人次,HCV抗体阳性率为2.9%,HCV RNA阳性率为1.2%(159/13 200)。113例基因亚型检测,97例有基因分型结果,亚型检出率为85.8%。其中1b型24例(24.7%)、2a型9例(9.3%)、3a型29例(29.9%)、3b型6例(6.2%)、6a型18例(18.6%)、1b/2a混合型11例(11.3%),主要分布在吸毒和性乱人群中。采用点杂交法检测HCV分型与HCV RNA载量结果差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论推广在医院检测HCV基因型别及亚型,控制吸毒人群及桥梁人群仍然是宁夏HCV防治工作的重点。
Objective To understand the distribution of hepatitis C virus (HCV) strains and viruses in the population in Ningxia. Methods ELISA method was used to detect HCV antibody in sentinelly-monitored AIDS patients. Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR was used to detect antibody positive samples. HCV RNA positive samples were detected by reverse dot blot hybridization. Results A total of 13 200 people of all kinds were tested. The positive rate of HCV antibody was 2.9% and the positive rate of HCV RNA was 1.2% (159/13 200). 113 cases of genotypes were detected, 97 cases had genotyping results, the subtype detection rate was 85.8%. Of these, 24 (24.7%) were type 1b, 9 (9.3%) were type 2a, 29 (29.9%) were type 3a, 6 were type 3b (6.2%), 18 were type 6a 11 cases (11.3%), mainly distributed in drug addicts and sexual chaos. There was no significant difference in the results of HCV genotyping and HCV RNA detection by dot hybridization (P> 0.05). Conclusion It is still the focus of prevention and control of HCV in Ningxia to promote the detection of HCV genotypes and subtypes in hospitals, control of drug addicts and bridges.