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20世纪美国公共住房政策的发展道路颇为曲折,相继出现了正统公共住房计划、房租补贴计划与补贴住房建设计划三种住房保障方式。正统公共住房计划与补贴住房建设计划较适用于城市住房供求紧张的情况,但政府资金投入较高;房租补贴计划适用于住房供求比较缓和的情况,有利于市场作用的发挥、充分利用存量住房并减少保障资金支出。系统梳理美国公共住房政策的发展历程、特点与适用条件,对我国城市住房政策的改革与调整颇具意义。
The development of the public housing policy in the United States in the 20th century was quite tortuous. There were three kinds of housing security modes: the orthodox public housing plan, the rent subsidy plan and the subsidized housing plan. Orthodox public housing plans and subsidized housing construction plans are more suitable for urban housing supply and demand tensions, but the government funds invested higher; rent subsidy plan applies to the housing supply and demand more modest situation, is conducive to the market play, make full use of stock housing and Reduce the protection of capital expenditures. Systematically combing the development history, characteristics and applicable conditions of public housing policy in the United States makes great sense to the reform and adjustment of urban housing policy in our country.