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随着工农业生产的发展,投入人类环境中的化学物质的种类和数量日益增加,化学物质的毒害作用也日益引起人们的关注。对化学物质的毒害作用的研究,除一般急性毒性,还应注意其慢远效应,致畸、致癌和致突变性已成为目前全面评定化学物质安全性的不可缺少的内容,其中农药、医用药品和食品添加剂等人们接触广泛的化学物质的全面评定尤为重要。现代生物学和医学认为突变与癌肿的发生有着密切的关系,化学物质的诱变性和致癌性有着一定的平行相关,诱变性的测定可作为致癌性的短期测试手段。所以,对一种化学物质的慢远效应的研究,首先多是进行其诱变性的检测。
With the development of industrial and agricultural production, the types and quantities of chemical substances that are put into the human environment have been increasing, and the poisonous effects of chemical substances are increasingly attracting attention. The study on the toxic effects of chemical substances, in addition to the general acute toxicity, should also pay attention to its slow-effect, teratogenic, carcinogenic and mutagenicity has become the current content of the comprehensive assessment of the safety of chemical substances, including pesticides, medical drugs It is particularly important to have a comprehensive assessment of the chemical substances that are in contact with people such as food additives. Modern biology and medicine believe that mutations are closely related to the occurrence of cancer. Mutagenicity and carcinogenicity of chemical substances have certain parallel correlations. Mutagenicity can be used as a short-term test for carcinogenicity. Therefore, the study of the slow-effect of a chemical substance is mostly based on the detection of its mutagenicity.