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目的掌握遂宁市水痘发病强度和流行趋势,为制定防控对策及评价实施效果提供依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对遂宁市疾病监测信息管理报告系统的2006—2012年水痘病例资料进行分析。结果遂宁市2006—2012年水痘年均报告发病率为49.46/10万,各年度水痘报告发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);男性年均报告发病率为55.82/10万,女性年均报告发病率为42.89/10万,男女报告发病数之比为1.34∶1,男性和女性水痘年均报告发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);0~14岁年龄组水痘报告发病数占91.91%;学生、幼托儿童、散居儿童报告水痘发病数分别占水痘报告发病数的46.23%、33.53%、16.46%;5和6月报告发病数占全年报告发病数的41.56%。结论该市水痘发病年龄和职业高峰明显,并呈春末夏初发病高峰,该市应加强学校和托幼机构传染病防治工作管理,落实各项防控措施;加强卫生宣传和健康教育工作,提高防控意识和防控水平;加强疫情监测,掌握水痘流行趋势和分布特征并及时预警;做好暴发疫情的应急处理,有效控制疫情蔓延。
Objective To grasp the incidence and prevalence of chickenpox in Suining City and provide the basis for the development of prevention and control measures and evaluation of the implementation effect. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the varicella cases data from 2006 to 2012 in Suining Disease Information Management Reporting System. Results The average annual incidence of chickenpox from 2006 to 2012 in Suining was 49.46 / 100 000. The incidence of chickenpox in each year was significantly different (P <0.01). The average annual incidence of male was 55.82 / The reported incidence was 42.89 / 100 000, the incidence of male and female reported incidence was 1.34: 1, the annual incidence of chickenpox in men and women was statistically significant (P <0.01), and the incidence of chickenpox in the age group of 0-14 years Accounting for 91.91%. The incidences of chickenpox were 46.23%, 33.53% and 16.46% respectively in the students, kindergarten children and diasporas. The incidence rates in 5 and 6 months were 41.56% of those reported in the whole year. Conclusions The age and occupational peak of chickenpox in this city are obvious, and the peak appears in late spring and early summer. The city should strengthen the management of infectious disease prevention and control in schools and nurseries, and implement various prevention and control measures. Health promotion and health education should be strengthened, Improve awareness of prevention and control and prevention and control; strengthen surveillance of epidemics, grasp the epidemic trend and distribution characteristics of chickenpox and timely warning; do an emergency response to outbreaks and effectively control the epidemic.