本文对某电厂 12 5MW凝汽机组进行了热经济性计算 ,得出各设备的损分布 ,分析了形成原因 ,并指出了相应的改进方向。最后 ,针对分析出的最大影响因素—炉内结渣 ,得出了基于神经网络的最佳运行诊断模型 ,并验证了合理性 ,因此 ,对于机组高效安全运行有一定的指导作用 In this paper, a thermal economy calculation of 125 MW condensing units in a power plant was carried out, the distribution of losses of each equipment was obtained, the formation reason was analyzed, and the corresponding improvement direction was pointed out. Finally, based on the analysis of the most significant factor - furnace slagging, the optimal operation diagnosis model based on neural network is obtained, and the rationality is verified. Therefore, it has a certain guiding role for the efficient and safe operation of the unit