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目的观察女性尿液引流装置应用于脑卒中后尿失禁(urinary incontinence,UI)患者的疗效。方法我院神经血管外科2014-01至2015-07收治的脑卒中女性UI患者107例,按是否应用女性尿液引流装置分成观察组(53例)和对照组(54例),观察组采用新型女性尿液引流装置,对照组采用传统护理方法。观察并记录患者使用7、14、21 d尿路感染、皮肤压疮、阴部皮肤红肿溃烂及尿失禁生活质量问卷(incontinence quality of life,I-QOL)等情况。结果使用14 d尿常规白细胞检查,观察组阳性率为34.0%,明显低于对照组74.3%,观察组尿培养阳性率为15.1%明显低于对照组27.8%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);使用21 d后,对照组的尿培养阳性率为33.3%,明显高于观察组16.7%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者出现尿液外漏、压疮、阴部皮肤溃烂及外阴红肿等并发症的发生率明显低于对照组,I-QOL评分观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论新型女性尿液引流装置可降低尿路感染发生率;减少压疮、外阴红肿的发生,明显改善患者的生活质量,值得临床推广。
Objective To observe the efficacy of female urinary drainage device in urinary incontinence (UI) patients. Methods A total of 107 patients with stroke in our department of neurovascular surgery from January 2014 to July 2015 were divided into observation group (n = 53) and control group (n = 54) according to whether female urinary drainage device was used or not. Female urinary drainage device, the control group using traditional nursing methods. The urinary tract infection, skin pressure ulcers, swelling and ulceration of pudendal area and incontinence quality of life (I-QOL) were observed and recorded. Results The 14-day routine urine test showed that the positive rate was 34.0% in the observation group and 74.3% in the control group. The positive rate of urinary culture in the observation group was 15.1%, which was significantly lower than that in the control group (27.8%, P < 0.05). After 21 days, the urinary culture positive rate in the control group was 33.3%, which was significantly higher than that in the observation group (16.7%, P <0.05) The incidence of complication of pudendal skin ulcer and vulvar swelling was significantly lower than that of the control group. The I-QOL score was higher in the observation group than in the control group, with significant difference (P <0.05). Conclusion The new female urinary drainage device can reduce the incidence of urinary tract infection; reduce pressure ulcers, vulvar swelling, significantly improve the quality of life of patients, deserved clinical promotion.