由恶性疟原虫感染引起的疟疾导致全球每年100余万病例死亡,其中以脑型疟为代表的重症疟疾是引起疟疾患者死亡的主要原因。目前在临床上对重症疟疾的诊断、病理学分析以及治疗策略方面已比较成熟,但是对重症疟疾发生和发展过程中涉及的分子机制尚未完全清楚。该文对重症疟疾相关的关键分子及其调控机制的研究进展作一综述。 Malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum infection causes more than 1 million deaths each year in the world. Among them, severe malaria represented by cerebral malaria is the main cause of malaria death. At present, the diagnosis, diagnosis and treatment of severe malaria are mature in clinical practice. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in the development and progression of severe malaria are not fully understood. This article reviews the progress of research on the key molecules related to severe malaria and its regulatory mechanisms.