目的 分析清远市清新区农村留守儿童蛔虫感染相关影响因素.方法 采用整群随机抽样方法, 选择清远市清新区5 817名农村留守儿童, 对其进行人体粪便中蛔虫虫卵检查及问卷调查.结果 清远市清新区农村留守儿童蛔虫感染率为4.95％, 2～4岁组居多.经线性趋势分析, 蛔虫感染率随年龄的增长而减少 (χ2=54.55, P<0.05) .幼儿园组蛔虫感染率为8.92％, 检出率高于小学组 (χ2=96.93, P<0.05) .家庭月收入<1 000 (元) 组蛔虫感染率最高 (9.12％), 家庭月收入组间差异有统计学意义 (χ2=44.98, P<0.05) .看护人文化程度越高, 儿童蛔虫感染率越低 (χ2=26.89, P<0.05);看护人为外/祖父母的儿童蛔虫感染率最低 (2.32％), 看护人做生意的儿童蛔虫感染率最高.农村留守儿童蛔虫感染的危险因素包括:便后未坚持洗手 (OR=5.47);农家肥与化肥混合使用 (OR=2.75);不常穿鞋干农活 (OR=3.75);砧板未分开切生、熟食 (OR=4.73);蛔虫感染的认知不足 (OR=4.52) .结论 清新区农村留守儿童蛔虫感染率高于广东省及该省粤北山区蛔虫感染率, 处于较高的流行水平.“,”Objective To analyze the influencing factors of ascaris infection in rural left-behind children in Qingyuan.Methods Using the method of cluster random sampling, 5 817 rural left-behind children in Qingxin district were selected.Ascaris roundworm eggs in human feces were examined and a questionnaire survey was conducted.Results The ascaris infection rate of rural left-behind children in Qingxin district was 4.95％.The age group of 2 to 4 years old was the majority.By linear trend analysis, the infection rate decreased with age (χ2=54.55, P<0.05).Ascaris infection rate in kindergarten group was 8.92％, the detection rate was higher than that in the primary group (χ2=96.93, P<0.05).Ascaris infection rate was highest in the group with monthly household income <1000 yuan (9.12％).The difference of monthly family income was statistically significant (χ2=44.98, P<0.05).The caregivers were more educated, the infection rate was lower (χ2=26.89, P<0.05);the infection rate of roundworm in children with maternal/grandparent caregivers was the lowest (2.32％).The infection rate was highest among children whose caregivers were in business (18.11％).Risk factors for roundworm infection in rural left-behind children include:failure to wash hands after using the toilet (OR=5.47);compared with using only farmyard manure, farmyard manure was mixed with fertilizer (OR=2.75).Do not often wear shoes to do farm work (OR=3.75);cutting board not cut raw OR cooked food separately (OR=4.73);lack of awareness of ascaris lumbricoides infection (OR=4.52).Conclusion The infection rate of ascaris lumbricoides among left-behind children in rural areas of Qingxin district is higher than that in the mountainous areas and northern Guangdong, which is at a high epidemic level.