一、前言水利发电是水能利用的主要形式,是取之不尽,用之不竭的廉价能源。目前国外工业发达国家的水力资源开发率在80％以上,水电站自动化程度相应也很高,普遍采用计算机技术来实现全厂的监视控制及经济运行的自动化,取得了良好的经济效果。许多大容量的水电站也达到无人或少人值班的程度。随着计算机技术、电子技术、大规模集成电路工艺技术的飞速发展,计算机的价格大幅度下降,而其运算速度及处理功能却成倍增长,平均故障间隔时间MTBF己达十万小时,特别是价格低廉的微型机的出现,更促进了计算机控制系统在小电站中的应 I. Introduction Water conservancy and power generation is the main form of water energy utilization and an inexhaustible source of cheap energy. At present, the developed countries in developed countries have a hydraulic power development rate of over 80% and hydropower stations have a high degree of automation. Computer technology is widely used to realize the monitoring and control of the whole plant and the automation of economic operation, which has achieved good economic results. Many high-capacity hydropower stations also reach the level of no one or fewer people on duty. With the rapid development of computer technology, electronic technology and large-scale integrated circuit technology, the price of computer has dropped drastically while its computing speed and processing capability have doubled. The mean time between failures (MTBF) has reached 100,000 hours, especially The emergence of inexpensive microcomputers, but also to promote the computer control system should be in a small power plant should