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为了深入了解自然保护区的生物物种多样性与生态环境现状的关系,为自然保护区的持续发展提供科学资料。作者于2007年8月至2008年3月间,对甘肃太统-崆峒山国家级自然保护区中太统山森林公园不同生境土壤纤毛虫群落特征进行了研究,共鉴定到土壤纤毛虫104种,隶属3纲10目38科49属,其中包括5个未定名种,6个国内土壤纤毛虫新纪录种。5种生境土壤纤毛虫的物种数分别为:油松林53种、沙棘灌丛59种、蔷薇灌丛62种、荒坡40种及农田24种。在该地区土壤纤毛虫群落中,肾形目、前口目和下毛目为优势类群;齿脊肾形虫(Colpoda steini)、苔藓膜袋虫(Cyclidium muscicola)、刚毛胃纤虫(Homalogastra setosa)、梅氏扁豆虫(Phacodinium metchnikoffi)、有肋薄咽虫(Leptopharynx costatus)、长圆膜袋虫(Cyclidium oblongum)、纵长膜袋虫(C.elongatum)、珍珠映毛虫(Cinetochilum margaritaceum)和膨大肾形虫(Colpoda inflata)为优势种。油松林、沙棘灌丛、蔷薇灌丛、荒坡和农田5种生境Gleason-Margalef物种多样性指数依次为6.06、6.51、6.80、4.92和3.17。结果表明,森林、荒坡、农田的纤毛虫物种多样性依次降低,人类活动的干扰导致了土壤纤毛虫物种多样性降低和群落结构趋于简单化。
In order to gain a deeper understanding of the relationship between biological species diversity and ecological environment in nature reserves, and provide scientific information for the sustainable development of nature reserves. From August 2007 to March 2008, the author studied the community characteristics of soil ciliates in different habitats in Taitong Mountain Forest Park in the Tai Tong-Mount Qionglai National Nature Reserve in Gansu Province, and identified soil ciliates 104 Species, belonging to 3 classes, 10 orders, 38 families and 49 genera, including 5 unidentified species and 6 new records of soil ciliates in China. The species numbers of soil ciliates were 53 species of Pinus tabulaeformis, 59 species of Hippophae rhamnoides, 62 species of rose shrub, 40 species of barren slopes and 24 species of farmland. Among the soil ciliates communities in the region, the order of the nephrons, anterior orders and lower ones is the dominant group; Colpoda steini, Cyclidium muscicola, Homalogastra setosa , Phacodinium metchnikoffi, Leptopharynx costatus, Cyclidium oblongum, C. elongatum, Cinetochilum margaritaceum, and inflated Colpoda inflata is the dominant species. The Gleason-Margalef species diversity index of Pinus tabulaeformis forest, sea buckthorn shrub, rose shrub, barren slope and farmland were 6.06,6.51,6.80,4.92 and 3.17 respectively. The results showed that the species diversity of ciliates in forests, barren slopes and farmland decreased in turn, and the disturbance caused by human activities led to the decrease of species diversity of soil ciliates and the simplification of community structure.