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目的:了解甘肃省张掖市肃南裕固族自治县裕固族中小学生乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)携带情况及主要影响因素。方法:随机抽取943名中小学生,进行乙肝知识问卷调查,同时采取静脉血,用ELISA法检测HBsAg,并对HBsAg阳性者进行乙肝三系统和肝功能检验。结果:HBsAg阳性率9.12%,男性阳性率为10.26%,女性阳性率为7.62%,男、女HBsAg阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ2=8.12,P<0.01);HBsAg阳性率6～8岁年龄段最低,高峰在14～16岁年龄段。学生乙肝知识知晓率为34.46%,乙肝疫苗接种率为65.43%;50.67%的HBsAg阳性学生家庭中至少有1个以上HB-sAg携带者,母亲为HBsAg携带者占56.10%。结论:乙肝疫苗接种、母婴垂直传播、生活密切接触是影响裕固族中小学生HBsAg携带率的主要因素。
Objective: To understand the HBsAg carrying status and the main influential factors of Yugu primary and secondary school students in Sunan Yugur Autonomous County of Zhangye City, Gansu Province. Methods: A total of 943 primary and secondary school students were randomly selected for questionnaire survey of hepatitis B virus. Meanwhile, venous blood samples were taken for detection of HBsAg by ELISA and hepatitis B three systems and liver function tests were performed on HBsAg positive individuals. Results: The positive rate of HBsAg was 9.12%. The positive rate of HBsAg was 10.26%, the positive rate of female was 7.62%. The positive rate of HBsAg between male and female was statistically significant (χ2 = 8.12, P <0.01) The lowest age, the peak in the 14 to 16 age group. The awareness of hepatitis B among students was 34.46%, and that of hepatitis B vaccine was 65.43%. There were at least one HBsAg carrier among 50.67% of HBsAg positive students and 56.10% of mothers with HBsAg carriers. Conclusion: Hepatitis B vaccination, vertical transmission of mother and baby and close contact with life are the main factors that affect the HBsAg carrier rate of Yugu primary and secondary school students.