论文部分内容阅读
目的:研究海口市孕产妇预防出生缺陷知识、态度、行为(KAP)现状及服务利用情况,为构建适宜的出生缺陷区域化预防模式提供科学参考。方法:采用分层与多阶段整群随机抽样方法对海口市2013年12月~2014年12月2 996例孕产妇进行问卷调查。结果:大部分孕产妇对待出生缺陷态度相对积极,67.69%孕产妇孕前及孕早期服用过叶酸;52.20%孕妇接受过婚前医学检查,没做婚前医学检查的主要原因是没必要检查和不知道要检查;45.49%孕妇接受过孕前检查,没有孕前检查的主要原因是意外妊娠;30.11%孕妇接受优生知识相关培训,23.80%孕妇接受遗传咨询;99.60%孕产妇均接受过产前检查,孕后第8周及之前进行第一次检查占36.82%,大部分孕产妇进行第一次产检的时间超过了胎儿致畸敏感期。结论:卫生资源主要集中于城市,农村孕产妇咨询及孕前检查的机会相对较少,要扩展卫生部门保健服务区域,加强资源配置及能力建设,同时亟需提高其预防出生缺陷发生的意识和行为的转变,提高孕妇对出生缺陷预防保健卫生服务的利用,将是海口市出生缺陷预防工作的一个重点。
Objective: To study the current situation and service utilization of knowledge, attitude and behavior (KAP) of pregnant women with birth defects in Haikou City, and to provide scientific reference for the construction of suitable regional prevention mode of birth defects. Methods: A stratified and multistage cluster random sampling method was used to survey 2 996 pregnant women from December 2013 to December 2014 in Haikou. Results: The majority of maternal attitudes toward birth defects were relatively positive, with 67.69% of pregnant women taking folic acid before and during their first trimester. 52.20% of pregnant women had premarital medical examination and the main reason for not doing premarital medical examination was no need to check and do not know 45.9% pregnant women received pre-pregnancy examination, no pre-pregnancy examination is the main reason for unintended pregnancy; 30.11% of pregnant women receive eugenic knowledge-related training, 23.80% of pregnant women receive genetic counseling; 99.60% of pregnant women have received prenatal care, 8 weeks and before the first inspection accounted for 36.82%, the majority of pregnant women for the first time of childbirth more than the period of fetal teratogenic sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS: Health resources are mainly concentrated in urban areas. Rural maternal consultation and pre-pregnancy screening have relatively few opportunities. It is necessary to expand health care service areas in the health sector, enhance resource allocation and capacity building, and urgently need to raise their awareness and behavior in preventing birth defects The change of pregnant women to improve the utilization of health care services for birth defects will be Haikou City birth defects prevention a priority.