明代统治畏吾儿地区的政权,主要有天山南北的东察合台汗国,以及1514年成立的叶尔羌汗国,它们都与明廷有密切的联系。但各地却形成了许多割据的政权,称“地面”、“王国”,其中以于阗、别失八里、吐鲁番、哈密等地的政权势力较大。明初于阗、别失八里已归奉伊斯兰教,流行察合台文,字体秀逸飘洒,给人以轻快愉悦的感受,带有强烈的美感。如《四部诗集》等。而吐鲁番等地却是伊教与佛教并行,人们仍使用回鹘文。在吐鲁番一带,一些皈依伊教的畏吾儿人,“男子削发戴小罩剌帽,妇女以白布裹头”。另一些尚未皈依伊教的畏吾儿人,“男子椎髻,妇人蒙以皂巾,垂髻于额,俱衣胡服”他们信佛教,吐鲁番城有许多居民“崇拜偶像”, The regimes governing the Wei’u’er area in the Ming dynasty consisted mainly of the East Chagatai Khanate in the north and south of the Tianshan Mountains and the Yarkand Khanate founded in 1514, all of which are closely linked with the Ming court. However, many regimes of separatism have been formed in various parts of the country, calling it “the ground” and “the kingdom.” Among them, the regimes in Tibet, Tibet, Bali, Turpan and Hami have greater power. At the beginning of the Ming dynasty, do not lose Bali has been handed down Islam, the prevalence of Chagataiwen, font Xiuyi drift, giving a light and pleasant feeling, with a strong sense of beauty. Such as “four poems” and so on. Turpan and other places are the Islamic religion and Buddhism in parallel, people still use back 鹘. In Turpan, some of the fearful children who converted to Islam were “men cut hair and put on small hoods and women wrapped white cloth.” Other fearless children who have not yet converted to Islam include "Men in vertebrae, women covered in soap towels and hanging jackets in front of them. They believe in Buddhism. There are many residents in Turpan City who worship idols,