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放射治疗是治疗肿瘤的一种方法,其目标是提供一个剂量的电离辐射摧毁癌症细胞,同时保留周围的健康组织的最大完整性。不幸的是,辐射诱发的正常组织损伤,仍然是癌症放射治疗中限制总照射剂量的一个因素。早期和晚期不良反应,不仅限制辐射剂量,还可能影响患者的生活质量。血管损伤是最常见的放疗对正常组织的损伤。辐射引起的纤维化是伤口愈合过程中产生的主要不良反应。辐照内皮细胞产生炎性反应、凝血和血栓对辐射诱导的血管内皮功能障碍起着至关重要的作用。认识辐射引起的内皮功能障碍的分子机制,有望改善未来的治疗策略,对防止或减少放疗的不良反应有着重要的意义。
Radiation therapy is a method of treating tumors with the goal of providing a dose of ionizing radiation that destroys cancer cells while preserving the maximum integrity of the surrounding healthy tissue. Unfortunately, radiation-induced injury to normal tissues remains one of the factors that limit the total radiation dose in cancer radiotherapy. Early and late adverse reactions not only limit the radiation dose, but also affect the patient’s quality of life. Vascular injury is the most common radiation damage to normal tissues. Radiation-induced fibrosis is the major adverse reaction that occurs during wound healing. Irradiation of endothelial cells produces inflammatory responses, and coagulation and thrombus play a crucial role in radiation-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction. Recognizing the molecular mechanism of radiation-induced endothelial dysfunction is expected to improve future therapeutic strategies and is of great importance in preventing or reducing the adverse reactions of radiotherapy.