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15年来是什么力量启动了中国经济特区的高速发展?这种启动力量现在是否还存在?15年后的今天中国经济特区继续稳定向前发展的推动力又是什么?如何培植这种推动力?本文试就这些问题作一探讨。 一、特区发展的初始启动机制及其转换 中国在改革开放伊始就宣布建立经济特区,以使特区成为改革的“窗口”、对外联系的“桥梁”、出口创汇的“基地”和经济体制改革的“试验田”,这是推动我国经济体制改革深入向前发展的战略举措。现在看来,经济特区的发展主要依托了两大优势:一是政策优势,二是地理区位优势。这两种或人为或历史赋予的优势是启动我国经济特区初始发展的动力源泉。其中政策优势是主要的,而地理优势则只有在政策优势的驱动和配合下才发挥作用。
What power has been in place in the past 15 years to start the rapid development of China’s special economic zone? Whether such a starting force still exists? What is the driving force behind the continued steady and steady development of China’s special economic zone after 15 years? How to cultivate this impetus? This article tries to discuss these issues. I. Initial Start-up Mechanism and Its Transformation in the Development of the Special Zone China announced the establishment of a special economic zone at the beginning of the reform and opening up to make the special zone a “window” for reform, a “bridge” for external links, a “base” for foreign exchange earning foreign exchange and a “ ”Experimental field", which is a strategic move to promote the in-depth development of China’s economic restructuring. It now appears that the development of special economic zones relies mainly on two major advantages: First, policy advantages and second, geographical advantages. Both these advantages, either man-made or historical, are the source of motivation for initiating the initial development of China’s special economic zones. Among them, the policy advantage is the main one, while the geographical advantage only plays a role in the driving and cooperation of the policy advantage.