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“戏剧”一词,唐代杜牧以其表“游戏”之意,涵义较为宽泛。随着戏曲的发展,“戏剧”逐渐成为一个曲学概念。元代曲学家甚少使用“戏剧”这个概念,但对戏曲的特点已有初步的判断,注意到唱、念、诨、故事诸因素。明清两代曲学家对“戏剧”这一概念的使用频率大为增加,其中明代曲学家对“戏剧”的认知已充分把握了中国古代戏曲的特点。元明清三代曲学家对“戏剧”特点的论述体现了中国戏曲发展的轨迹,与戏曲发展的阶段性面貌紧密相关。
“Drama ”, the Tang Dynasty Du Mu with its table “game ” meaning, the meaning is more broad. With the development of drama, “drama ” has gradually become a concept of music. Yuan Dynasty musicians seldom use the notion of “drama”, but they have made preliminary judgments on the characteristics of the opera, paying attention to the factors of singing, reading, singing and stories. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the use of the notion of “drama” by songwriters increased greatly. The understanding of “drama” by the composers in Ming Dynasty fully grasped the characteristics of ancient Chinese opera. The discussion of the characteristics of “Drama ” by the three generations of Chinese Qu Yuanists embodies the track of the development of Chinese opera and is closely related to the stages of the development of opera.