问题的范围全世界约有半数以上的人口要依靠家畜粪、木柴、庄稼秸秆或燃煤来满足其最基本的能源需求;采用此类固体燃料在明火或无烟囱的开放炉灶上煮饭和取暖可导致室内空气污染。这种室内烟雾中含有一系列损害健康的污染物,包括能渗透到肺部的烟尘微小颗粒。在通风不良的住所,室内烟雾中的可接受的微小颗粒含量要比室外空气高100倍;妇女和儿童的暴露极高,他们大多数时间是在炉边度过的。每年室内空气污染可造成160多万人死亡,平均每20秒钟就有1人死亡。使用可产生污染的燃料对发展中国家贫穷家庭的健康将造成严重负担。由于贫穷家庭通常没有资 The Scope of the Problem About half of the world’s population is dependent on livestock dung, firewood, crop stalks or coal to meet its most basic energy needs; cooking and heating this open solid stove with open or open chimneys using such solid fuel Can cause indoor air pollution. This indoor smoke contains a range of health-damaging pollutants, including tiny particles of soot that penetrate the lungs. In poorly ventilated shelters, indoor smoke contains as much as 100 times as fine particles of outdoor air as the outdoor air; women and children are extremely exposed and spend most of their time on the hearth. Every year, indoor air pollution can cause more than 1.6 million deaths and an average of one death every 20 seconds. The use of fuels that generate pollution will create a serious burden on the health of poor families in developing countries. Due to poor families are usually not funded