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为筛选用于赤潮应急治理的高效、低毒除藻剂,研究了不同链长的季鳞盐改性黏土以及相同链长不同取代基团的季铵(鳞)盐改性黏土对海洋卡盾藻的去除作用,同时以斑马鱼和蒙古裸腹溞为对象,评价了筛选的改性黏土的毒性。结果表明,链长为十四烷基的改性黏土的除藻效果最好,其次为十二烷基和十烷基,而十六烷基较差;季铵(鳞)盐取代基团对改性黏土除藻效果的影响不大。十四烷基三丁基溴化磷改性黏土和双十四烷基二甲基乙基溴化铵改性黏土的除藻效果最好,对海洋卡盾藻的120 h半抑制质量浓度分别为6.11 mg/L和6.13 mg/L。毒性试验表明,这2种改性黏土对斑马鱼的毒性均较低,质量浓度为10~100 mg/L时,96 h后斑马鱼的存活率均为100%。改性黏土对蒙古裸腹溞有一定毒性,其中十四烷基三丁基溴化磷改性黏土24 h的LC_(50)远超过100 mg/L,双十四烷基二甲基乙基溴化铵改性黏上的LC_(50)为9.37 mg/L。因此,十四烷基三丁基溴化磷改性黏土的毒性更低,可作为赤潮治理的潜在除藻剂。
In order to screen efficient and low toxic algaecide for emergency management of red tide, the effects of quaternary ammonium (scale) salt-modified clay with different chain length and different substituted groups of the same chain length on marine card shield The removal of algae, zebrafish and Mongolian gummy belly at the same time for the evaluation of the toxicity of the modified clay. The results showed that the algae removal effect of the modified clay with chain length of tetradecyl was the best, followed by lauryl and decane, while the cetyl was poor. The quaternary ammonium Modified clay has little effect on algae removal. Tetradecyl tributyl phosphonium bromide modified clay and ditetradecyl dimethyl ammonium bromide modified clay had the best effect of removing algae. The half-inhibitory concentrations of 120 h 6.11 mg / L and 6.13 mg / L. Toxicity tests showed that these two kinds of modified clay had low toxicity to zebrafish, and the survival rate of zebrafish was 100% at 96 h after the concentration of 10 ~ 100 mg / L. The modified clay had certain toxicity to M. mongolica, and the LC 50 of the tetradecyl tributyl phosphonium bromide modified clay was far more than 100 mg / L in 24 h. The content of ditetradecyl dimethylethyl The LC 50 of modified ammonium bromide was 9.37 mg / L. Therefore, tetradecyltributylphosphonium bromide modified clay is less toxic and can be used as a potential algicide for red tide treatment.