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为了提高激光雷达的接收灵敏度,分析了其照射到目标上的激光功率的时空分布特性,对不同时刻返回的激光回波功率进行积分求和,数值计算出激光回波脉冲信号波形,并在系统分析非相干探测激光雷达系统噪声特性的基础上,仿真分析了地面大目标对激光回波脉冲的展宽效应及其对接收带宽的影响。仿真结果表明:根据激光回波脉冲的展宽特性在信号频谱与噪声频谱上的差异,采用最佳接收带宽法可以有效地抑制背景噪声,大幅度地提高激光雷达的信噪比,实现激光雷达以较小的发射功率获得较大的探测距离的目的。
In order to improve the receiving sensitivity of laser radar, the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of laser power irradiated on the target were analyzed. The laser echo power returned at different time points was summed up and the laser echo pulse signal waveform was numerically calculated. Based on the analysis of the noise characteristics of incoherent detection Lidar system, the effect of large ground targets on the broadening effect of laser echo pulse and its impact on the receive bandwidth are analyzed. The simulation results show that according to the difference between the signal spectrum and the noise spectrum of the laser echo pulse broadening characteristics, the optimal receive bandwidth method can effectively suppress the background noise and greatly improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the laser radar, Smaller transmit power for greater detection range.