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嘧菌酯作为最畅销的甲氧丙烯酸酯类杀菌剂,是防治水稻病害的常用农药,其对水生生态环境的负面效应值得重视.为研究嘧菌酯对水生生物的危害,进行多阶段(成鱼、仔鱼、胚胎)斑马鱼毒性试验,分析了嘧菌酯对鱼类的急性毒性,同时,通过6 d胚胎发育试验,研究了嘧菌酯对鱼类早期发育阶段的影响.结果表明,斑马鱼3个生命阶段对嘧菌酯的敏感性(以96 h-LC50(致死中浓度)表示)顺序为:仔鱼(0.39 mg·L~(-1))>胚胎(0.61 mg·L~(-1))>成鱼(1.37 mg·L~(-1)).6 d胚胎发育试验结果发现,嘧菌酯可诱导斑马鱼胚胎出现一系列不良症状,包括孵化率下降、心率异常、生长抑制和心包水肿等.0.25 mg·L~(-1)的嘧菌酯可显著促进斑马鱼胚胎自主运动和心率,并能明显抑制孵化仔鱼的体长.0.6 mg·L~(-1)及更高浓度的嘧菌酯可明显抑制斑马鱼胚胎眼睛、体节、尾部和心脏的发育.研究显示,嘧菌酯对斑马鱼多个生命阶段均具有一定毒性,但对早期生命阶段毒性更强,因此,其对鱼类早期生命阶段的影响值得重视.
Azoxystrobin as a best-selling methoxy acrylate fungicide is a common pesticide for controlling rice diseases, and its negative effect on aquatic environment deserves attention. In order to study the harm of azoxystrobin to aquatic organisms, Fish, embryos) zebrafish toxicity test, the acute toxicity of azoxystrobin to fish was analyzed, and the effect of azoxystrobin on the early stage of fish development was also studied by 6-day embryo development test.The results showed that zebra The sensitivity to azoxystrobin in three life stages of fish (expressed as 96 h-LC50) was as follows: larval (0.39 mg · L -1)> embryo (0.61 mg · L -1) 1))> adult fish (1.37 mg · L -1) .Based on the 6-day embryo development test, azoxystrobin induced a series of adverse symptoms in zebrafish embryos, including decreased hatching rate, abnormal heart rate and growth inhibition And pericardial edema, etc. Azacitidine 0.25 mg · L -1 could significantly promote autotaxis and heart rate of zebrafish embryos and significantly inhibit the body length of hatching larvae by 0.6 mg · L -1 and more High concentrations of azoxystrobin can significantly inhibit the development of zebrafish embryos eye, body section, tail and heart.Studies show that azoxystrobin zebrafish It has a certain life stage toxicity, but the toxicity to early life stages stronger, so its effects on fish early life stages worthy of attention.