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清乾隆时编纂的《四库全书》,由于文字多疏误,为后世诟病。清代张之洞即在《潘侍郎藤阴书室勘书图歌图为无锡秦谊亭作》诗中有“乾隆四库求遗书,微闻写官多鲁鱼”之句,隐含讥评。近年新版的《辞源》《辞海》“四库全书”条,更进而判定《四库全书》纂辑的动因为“寓禁于征”,“宣扬有利于清王朝统治和封建礼教的图书”,因此,“命馆臣恣意篡改”。 七、八年来,笔者因参与《全宋诗》编纂工作,接触过《四库全书》中几乎全部宋人别集中的诗歌部分及有关资料。曾陆续发表过《由宋人别集浅论四库全书》、《是稽古右文还是寓禁于征——析四库全书纂辑动因》、《四库馆臣改动底本的原因及其实例》等多篇文字,以具体切实的材料,论证《四库全书》纂辑伊始,对原书是相当忠实的。大量的篡改(包括挖改、换页),基本上发生在成书以后。而且即使多所改动,除因避清代时讳外,四库中极大部分的宋人别集,还是改正多于改误。因此新版《辞源》《辞海》对《四库全书》的评价,是偏颇的,不科学、不公正的。
Qing Emperor Qianlong compiled “Sikuquanshu”, due to more than text errors, later criticism. In the Qing Dynasty, Zhang Zhidong was in the sentence of “Pan Shilang Tengyin Book Room, Book of Songs, Pictorial Book of Wuxi Qin Yiting,” with the words of “Qianlong Siku Qiu Si Shuo and Wen Wen Duan Duluyu”. In recent years, the new versions of “Ci Yuan”, “Ci Hai” and “Siku Quanshu” further determine that the motivation for compiling and editing “Sikuquanshu” is “banning levy,” “promoting books conducive to the rule of the Qing Dynasty and the feudal ethical code of conduct, Therefore, ”life Museum Chen arbitrary tampering.“ In the past seven or eight years, due to being involved in the compilation of Quan Song Poetry, the author has contacted almost all the poetry sections and other relevant materials that Song did not concentrate in Sikuquanshu. Has published one after another ”set by the Song Do not talk about the Sikuquanshu“, ”is the ancient right text or imprisonment on the levy - Analysis of the reasons for the compilation of Sikuquanshu“, ”the reasons and examples of the change “And many other texts, with concrete and practical materials, demonstration” Sikuquanshu “compilation and editing of the beginning, the original book is quite faithful. A large number of tampering (including digging, page change), basically occurred after the book. And even though many changes were made, except for avoiding the taboo of the Qing Dynasty, most of the Song dynasties in the Four Treasuries did not make up or corrected more than mistakes. Therefore, the new version of ”Ci Yuan“ ”Cihai“ on the ”Si Ku Quan Shu" evaluation, is biased, unscientific, unfair.