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目的探讨强化营养支持和心理干预对胃癌患者手术后康复和生活质量的影响。方法选取2013年1月到2016年1月间首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院收治的胃癌手术后患者94例,采用随机数字表法随机分为观察组和对照组,每组47例。观察组患者手术后在常规护理的基础上采用强化营养支持和心理干预,对照组患者接受胃癌手术后常规护理。比较两组患者胃肠功能恢复时间、住院天数和生活质量评估结果。比较两组患者手术后第3天及术后第3个月的身体质量指数(BMI)、右上臂周围、左上臂周围和上臂无脂周围。结果观察组患者手术后胃肠功能恢复时间显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者术后第3个月的BMI、右上臂周围、左上臂周围和上臂无脂周围均显著高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。观察组患者胃癌特异性量表各维度的评分均显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论强化营养支持和心理干预可促进胃癌患者术后胃肠功能的恢复,改善营养状况,提高生活质量,促进术后康复。
Objective To investigate the effects of intensive nutrition support and psychological intervention on postoperative rehabilitation and quality of life in patients with gastric cancer. Methods From January 2013 to January 2016, 94 patients with gastric cancer after operation in Beijing Tongren Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University were selected and randomized into observation group and control group with 47 cases in each group. Patients in the observation group received intensive nutrition support and psychological intervention on the basis of routine nursing after operation, and patients in the control group received routine nursing after gastric cancer surgery. The gastrointestinal function recovery time, hospitalization days and quality of life assessment were compared between the two groups. The body mass index (BMI), the area around the right upper arm, the area around the left upper arm and the area around the upper arm were compared between the 3rd day and the 3rd month after surgery in both groups. Results The recovery time of gastrointestinal function after operation in observation group was significantly lower than that in control group (P <0.05). The BMI in the third month after operation in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P <0.05), around the right upper arm, around the left upper arm and around the upper arm. The score of gastric cancer specific scale in the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion Intensive nutritional support and psychological intervention may promote the recovery of postoperative gastrointestinal function, improve nutritional status, improve quality of life and promote postoperative recovery.