一、产业政策是计划经济与市场调节相结合的一种新的经济管理方式产业政策在我国得到重视和运用的历史条件,可以从两方面来理解,一是改革的需要。在过去实行高度集中的计划管理时期,产业结构的调整包括在计划之中,没有必要专门提出产业政策问题。在按照有计划的商品经济要求进行改革之后,指令性计划部分大大缩小,财政集中度大大降低,投资决策权下放,银行强调企业化经营,企业扩大自主权,价格半数放开,提倡市场竞争。在这种情况下,既要克服过去管理权过分集中、统得过死的情况,又要避免过于分散。二是为了调整现实产业结构的需要。在近几年出现总需求大大超过总供给的 First, the industrial policy is a combination of planned economy and market regulation, a new type of economic management Industrial policy in our country has been valued and used in historical conditions can be understood from two aspects, one is the need for reform. In the past when highly centralized program management was in place, the adjustment of industrial structure was included in the plan and there was no need to formulate specific industrial policy issues. After the reform was carried out according to the planned commodity economy, the part of the mandatory plan was drastically reduced. The fiscal concentration was greatly reduced and the investment decision-making power was decentralized. The banks emphasized that the enterprises should expand their business autonomy and the prices should be liberalized and the market competition promoted. Under such circumstances, we must not only overcame the situation of over-centralized management and over-death in the past, but also avoid over-dispersion. The second is to adjust the needs of the real industrial structure. In recent years, aggregate demand has outstripped total supply