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本文分析评价了某厂铀尾矿库补救行动计划中工作人员和公众所受照射的剂量。补救行动中工作人员的照射途径主要是吸入氡及其子体、吸入空气中悬浮的尾矿尘和直接 γ外照射。考虑可能的最大照射景象是 ,在工作时间内施工人员一直处于未覆盖的尾矿上 ,不考虑施工机械和设备对施工人员的防护作用 ,也不考虑其它防护措施的作用。剂量估算结果表明 ,工作人员所受的有效剂量为 6 .0 m Sv/ a。补救行动完成后 ,公众的照射分别考虑了正常和非正常情况下的照射。正常情况下 ,从尾矿库中析出的氡是对周围公众造成照射的主要途径 ,最大个人有效剂量为 0 .0 53m Sv/ a,80 km范围内公众的集体有效剂量为 1人·Sv/ a。非正常情况下 ,考虑了居住在尾矿库上、在尾矿库上从事农业活动、居住在掺有尾矿砂的建筑材料所建造的房屋中和在尾矿库上的短期活动 4种代表性的景象 ,其最大个人剂量为 2 7m Sv/ a
This paper analyzes and evaluates the doses to workers and the public exposed to the action plan for the recovery of uranium tailings in a factory. Radiation and its daughters are mainly inhaled in the remedial actions by inhalation of tailings dust suspended in the air and direct external γ radiation. Consider the possible maximum exposure scene is that during the working hours, the construction workers have been on uncovered tailings, irrespective of the protective effect of construction machinery and equipment on the construction workers, and not taking into account the effect of other protective measures. The dose estimation showed that the effective dose for workers was 6.0 mSv / a. After remedial action is completed, the public exposure takes into account exposure under normal and abnormal conditions respectively. Under normal circumstances, radon precipitated from the tailings pond is the main way to cause exposure to the surrounding public. The maximum effective dose for individuals is 0.053 mSv / a, and the collective effective dose for public within 80 km is 1 · Sv / a. Under abnormal conditions, four representative types of short-term activities were considered that were living in tailings ponds, agricultural activities in tailings ponds, houses built with building materials mixed with tailings sand, and tailings ponds The scene, the maximum personal dose of 2 7m Sv / a