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目的探讨陕西省汉中地区妇女人群人乳头瘤病毒(human papillomavirus,HPV)亚型分布特征。方法采用聚合酶链反应(polymerase chain reaction,PCR)反向点杂交法对HPV感染进行分型检测。结果汉中地区妇女人群HPV感染率为29.86%,高危、低危、高低危感染率分别为26.79%、1.57%和1.49%。高危单一和多重感染分别占总人群的21.08%和5.71%。在≤20岁和>60岁年龄组均有较高感染率,在>21岁各组中随年龄增长感染率逐步升高。高危型感染率在51~岁年龄组为最高。总体和单一常见亚型为16、58、52、53、33、39型,分别占总体感染73.25%和79.71%,16亚型分别占27.11%和34.41%;多重常见亚型为16、52、58、53、39和33型,占多重感染的64.75%,16亚型占17.51%。单一占总感染的75.66%,高危单一占70.59%;多重占总感染的24.34%,高危多重占24.13%。在多重感染中以二重高危感染最为多见,占多重感染的72.50%。结论汉中地区妇女人群HPV感染率较高,其常见高危亚型为16,58,52,53,33,39型,低危型为6和43型。不同年龄段的亚型分布各有不同。HPV总体感染、高危、低危和高低危混合感染率在不同年龄段均有差异。
Objective To investigate the distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) subtype in women in Hanzhong area of Shaanxi province. Methods Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) reverse dot blot hybridization was used to detect HPV infection. Results The prevalence of HPV infection among women in Hanzhong was 29.86%. The infection rates were 26.79%, 1.57% and 1.49% at high risk, low risk and high risk. High-risk single and multiple infections accounted for 21.08% and 5.71% of the total population, respectively. In ≤ 20-year-old and> 60-year-old age group have a higher infection rate,> 21-year-old groups with age increasing infection rate gradually increased. High-risk infection rates in the 51 ~ age group was the highest. The total and single common subtypes were 16, 58, 52, 53, 33 and 39, accounting for 73.25% and 79.71% of the total infections respectively, while the 16 subtypes accounted for 27.11% and 34.41% respectively. The multiple common subtypes were 16, 52, 58, 53, 39 and 33, accounting for 64.75% of multiple infections, 16 subtypes accounted for 17.51%. A single infection accounted for 75.66%, high-risk single accounted for 70.59%; multiple accounted for 24.34% of total infections, multiple high-risk accounted for 24.13%. In multiple infection in double high-risk infection most common, accounting for 72.50% of multiple infections. Conclusion The prevalence of HPV infection in Han population is high in Hanzhong area. The common high-risk subtypes are 16, 58, 52, 53, 33 and 39, while the low-risk types are 6 and 43. Different subtypes of different age distribution. HPV infection, high-risk, low-risk and high-risk mixed infection rates in different age groups are different.