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本文介绍混凝土坝和堆石坝初期蓄水时的漏水、变形测量实例,论述了初期蓄水时的大坝安全管理方法。大坝设计是根据一些假设和简化边界条件来进行的,所以设计中没有考虑的一些因素作用于大坝后,实测值很少能与设计值相一致。而排除这些影响因素再与设计值相比较很花时间,且判断坝的安全性也还存在许多其它困难。因此,作者认为判断大坝安全性最有效的方法是对各实测值,在同一荷重条件下作如下判断:
This paper introduces examples of water leakage and deformation measurement of concrete dams and rockfill dam during the initial impoundment, and discusses dam safety management methods during initial impoundment. Dam design is based on assumptions and simplified boundary conditions, so some factors not considered in the design act on the dam, and the measured values are seldom consistent with the designed values. However, it is very time-consuming to eliminate these factors compared with the design value, and there are many other difficulties in judging dam safety. Therefore, the author thinks that the most effective method to judge the dam safety is to make the following judgment on the actual measured values under the same load: