目的:调查武汉市青山地区引起变应性鼻炎的主要吸入和食物性变应原种类。方法:采用酶联免疫法对青山地区637例变应性鼻炎患者(变应性鼻炎组)和63例下呼吸道疾病患者(下呼吸道疾病组)进行7种特异性IgE抗体的检测,并比较2组患者中致敏原阳性率分布上的差异。结果:变应性鼻炎组阳性率排在前7位的吸入性变应原分别为尘螨(47%)、杂草(19.7%)、树(18%)、动物毛屑(8.5%)、屋尘(6.5%)、真菌(4.9%)及蒿草(3%),2种主要致敏原的检出率在变应性鼻炎组和下呼吸道疾病组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:尘螨、杂草花粉及木本植物花粉是青山地区最主要的变应原。 OBJECTIVE: To investigate the main types of inhaled and food-borne allergens that cause allergic rhinitis in Castle Peak, Wuhan. Methods: Seven kinds of specific IgE antibodies were detected in 637 allergic rhinitis patients (allergic rhinitis group) and 63 patients with lower respiratory tract disease (lower respiratory tract disease group) in Qingshan district by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and compared with 2 Differences in the distribution of allergen positive rate in the group of patients. Results: The inhalation allergens with the positive rate of allergic rhinitis in the top 7 were dust mite (47%), weed (19.7%), tree (18%), animal hair debris The detection rates of house dust (6.5%), fungi (4.9%) and wormwood (3%) were not significantly different between allergic rhinitis group and lower respiratory tract disease group (P> 0.05). Conclusion: Dust mites, weed pollen and woody plant pollen are the most important allergens in Aoyama area.