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北川羌族自治县在2008年“5·12”汶川地震中受灾严重,经过三年多的时间,北川县居民点快速完成重建。但是,近几年北川县的自然环境和社会经济条件发生了很大变化,极端天气事件导致重建居民点内地质灾害频发,且部分居民点空心化,这些不良演化现象说明重建居民点中还存在着不合理的地方。因此,本文在GIS技术支撑下,首先找出地质灾害威胁居民点,然后选取耕地、交通、教育、医疗、政务、坡度、水系和断层八个对北川县重建居民点的空间分布和发展趋势有重要影响的评价因子,建立因子加权求和的适宜性评价模型,对除了地质灾害威胁居民点以外的重建居民点进行适宜性评价。同时,针对各类重建居民点所面临的问题和不足,提出了相应的调控对策。
Beichuan Qiang Autonomous County in 2008, “5.12” Wenchuan earthquake hit hardest, after more than three years, Beichuan County settle quickly completed reconstruction. However, great changes have taken place in the natural environment and socio-economic conditions of Beichuan County in recent years. Extreme weather events have led to the frequent occurrence of geological disasters in the resettled settlements and the hollowing-out of some residents. These adverse evolutionary phenomena indicate that the reconstruction of settlements There is unreasonable place. Therefore, under the support of GIS technology, this paper firstly finds out the threatening settlements of geological disasters, and then selects eight arable land, transportation, education, medical care, government affairs, slope, water system and fault. The important impact of the evaluation factor, the establishment of the weighted sum of factors and the suitability evaluation model, in addition to geological hazards of settlements outside the settlement point of suitability evaluation. At the same time, in response to the problems and deficiencies faced by all kinds of resettlement settlements, the corresponding control measures are put forward.