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弗洛伊德在后期提出的死本能理论,为我们认识人类自身提供了一种新的参考。他认为,除了快乐原则外,还有一条更符合人的本能的原则——强迫重复原则。他将维系种族延续的性本能与维系个体生命的自我本能合并为生本能,它导致繁殖、新生命的诞生和延长,抗拒着死亡。然而人总有一种返回无机状态的、回复到初始的本能,也就是死的本能。本文将以死本能理论为基础,诠释两部作品中的人物。
Freud’s later death instinct theory provides a new reference for us to know human beings themselves. He believes that in addition to the principle of happiness, there is a principle that is more in line with human instinct - the principle of forcible repetition. He combines the natural instinct of maintaining the sexual instinct of race continuation with the self-instinct of maintaining individual life, which leads to the birth and extension of reproduction and new life, resisting death. However, there is always a person who returns to the inorganic state and returns to the initial instinct, which is the instinct of death. This article will be based on the theory of death instinct, the interpretation of the characters in the two works.