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近年来,我国“城市看海”现象频发,给人民生命财产造成了巨大的损失。为了应对城市洪涝灾害频发的现象,我国提出建设自然积存、自然渗透、自然净化的“海绵城市”。海绵城市建设的理论支撑是水文科学,分析了当前我国水文科学存在的城市区域多缺乏历史观测资料、缺乏对城市雨洪过程与演变规律的深入研究、城市水文计算理论基础较为薄弱、缺乏符合我国国情的城市水文水动力学模型等问题,提出了城市水文学研究的挑战与机会以及水文科学的研究方向,以期为我国海绵城市建设提供参考。
In recent years, frequent occurrences of “cities see the sea” in our country have caused tremendous losses to people’s lives and property. In order to cope with the frequent occurrence of urban flood disasters, China proposed the construction of sponge city with natural accumulation, natural infiltration and natural purification. The theoretical support for sponge city construction is hydrological science. It analyzes the lack of historical observation data in urban areas where hydrology exists in our country, and lacks the in-depth research on the process and evolution of urban storm flood. The theoretical foundation of urban hydrological calculation is relatively weak, National hydrological hydrodynamic model and other issues, put forward the challenges and opportunities for urban hydrology research and hydrological science research direction, in order to provide a reference for the construction of sponge city in our country.