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一出戏中,有主要人物,有次要人物,还有出场不多、台词很少,我们通常称之为“小角色”的人物。一般剧作对这些小人物,只作为剧情搭桥引线,或为主要人物陪衬;当然也有不少剧作,不以人物之小,却仍着意刻划,让他们在短暂的舞台生活洪流中翻滚,也能给群众以深刻的印象。曹禺同志曾说过这样一段话:“当你读剧本的时候,不仅应注意那些主要人物的描写,还应该仔细研究那些出场不多,只说几句台词的人物,学习有才能的作家们,如何通过精简的语言,来表现这些小角色的性格。”(转引自颜振奋《曹禺创作生活片断》,载《剧本》1957年7月号)笔者近期读剧本时,注意了这个方面。谨选录其中给我印象比较深刻而又较有教益的数则,谨献给关心这方面的同志们。
A play, there are major characters, minor figures, as well as appearances, lines are rare, we often call it “small role” characters. Of course, there are a lot of dramas, not characters, but still deliberately scored, let them roll in the torrent of transient stage of life, but also can Impress the masses. Comrade Cao Yu once said something like this: “When you read the script, you should not only pay attention to the descriptions of the main characters, but also carefully study the characters who have played only a few lines, learned talented writers, How to express the character of these small characters through streamlined language. ”(Quoted from Yan Zhen Fen“ Cao Yu piece of life ”, contained“ script ”July 1957) I recently read the script, pay attention to this aspect. I would like to list a few of the more profound and more instructive ones which have given me an impression. I am dedicated to those who are concerned about this.