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目的探讨舟山市输入性疟疾临床特征及其实验室特征,为输入性疟疾的早期诊断及治疗提供依据。方法回顾性分析2007年-2013年舟山市13例输入性疟疾的临床特征和实验室特征。对疑诊患者采集外周血制作厚、薄血涂片,经瑞氏染色后在油镜下查找100个视野,找到疟原虫即为阳性。结果 13例输入性疟疾实验室诊断恶性疟10例(76.9%),间日疟3例(23.1%),13例疟疾均未见配子体。实验室检查23.1%的患者白细胞降低,15.4%的患者血红蛋白降低,76.9%的患者血小板减少,69.2%的患者胆红素升高。结论舟山市境外输入性疟疾以有非洲旅居史的中年男性患者为主,恶性疟多见。临床表现复杂,并发症多,血红蛋白下降不明显,对来自疟区的可疑患者诊治中需多次反复查找疟原虫,以提高阳性率,尽早发现及时治疗,可减少脑型疟疾等重型并发症的发生。
Objective To investigate the clinical features and laboratory characteristics of imported malaria in Zhoushan City and provide evidence for the early diagnosis and treatment of imported malaria. Methods The clinical features and laboratory characteristics of 13 imported malaria cases in Zhoushan from 2007 to 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. Peripheral blood samples collected from suspected patients made thick, thin blood smear, Wright’s stain in the oil microscope to find 100 fields, to find the parasite is positive. Results 13 cases of imported malaria laboratory diagnosis of falciparum malaria in 10 cases (76.9%), vivax malaria in 3 cases (23.1%), 13 cases of malaria were no gametophyte. Laboratory tests showed a decrease in white blood cells in 23.1% of patients, a decrease in hemoglobin in 15.4% of patients, a decrease of thrombocytopenia in 76.9% of patients, and an increase in bilirubin in 69.2% of patients. Conclusion The imported malaria outside Zhoushan City is dominated by middle-aged male patients living in Africa. Complex clinical manifestations, complications, hemoglobin decreased not obvious, from the malaria area of suspicious patients in the diagnosis and treatment to repeatedly find the malaria parasite, in order to improve the positive rate, as soon as possible to find timely treatment, can reduce cerebral malaria and other serious complications occur.