论文部分内容阅读
目的了解福州市流行性腮腺炎的流行病学特征,为进一步防控流行性腮腺炎提供科学依据。方法对福州市2004-2013年流行性腮腺炎报告病例和暴发疫情资料进行描述性分析。结果 2004-2013年福州市流行性腮腺炎年平均发病率为16.57/10万,每年5~7月和11月~翌年1月为发病高峰,男女发病率比为1.74∶1,病例主要集中在0~14岁儿童,暴发疫情均发生在学校尤其是小学。结论 14岁以下儿童和婴幼儿是流行性腮腺炎的高发人群,暴发主要发生在小学和中学,从2008年开始实施的疫苗接种工作虽然对流行性腮腺炎的发生和流行有一定的影响,但还不足以建立更加有效的免疫屏障。应加大和提高腮腺炎疫苗免疫规范化的实施,首先必须要做的是扩大疫苗覆盖率及2剂以上的接种,其次在保持高接种率的同时开展流行病学调查和监测。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of mumps in Fuzhou and provide a scientific basis for further prevention and control of mumps. Methods Descriptive analysis was conducted on the reported cases of mumps and outbreaks in Fuzhou from 2004 to 2013. Results The average annual incidence rate of mumps in Fuzhou from 2004 to 2013 was 16.57 / 100000. The annual incidence peak was from May to July and from November to January of the following year. The incidence rate of males and females was 1.74:1. The cases mainly concentrated in 0 to 14-year-old children, outbreaks occurred in schools, especially primary schools. Conclusions Children under 14 years of age and infants and young children are a high incidence of mumps. The outbreak mainly occurs in primary and secondary schools. Although the vaccination work begun in 2008, although having some impact on the occurrence and prevalence of mumps, Not enough to build a more effective immune barrier. The implementation of the immunization of mumps vaccine should be intensified and improved. The first thing that needs to be done is to expand vaccine coverage and vaccination of more than two doses, and secondly to carry out epidemiological investigations and monitoring while maintaining a high vaccination rate.