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通过20012004年的田间试验研究了免耕秸秆覆盖旱作农田的土壤水分效应。结果表明,免耕秸秆覆盖对表层土壤水分含量影响较大,在作物播种期可以减少表层水分蒸发,显著增加表层土壤含水量,但随着生育进程的推进,秸秆覆盖的抑蒸效果逐渐减弱。免耕秸秆覆盖对各个时期0200 cm土壤剖面上水分总量的影响不大,但年际间变化较大。采用免耕秸秆覆盖可以提高小麦-豌豆轮作系统作物产量以及水分利用效率、促进农田生态系统的良性循环,持续提高土壤肥力。
The soil moisture effect of no-tillage straw mulching on dry farmland was studied through a 20012004 field experiment. The results showed that no-tillage straw mulching had a significant impact on the soil moisture content of the surface layer. During the sowing period, surface water evaporation could be reduced and surface soil water content significantly increased. However, the suppression effect of straw mulching gradually diminished as the growth process progressed. No-tillage straw mulching had a small effect on the total amount of water in the 0200 cm soil profile in different periods, but it varied greatly from year to year. Using no-tillage straw mulching can improve crop yield and water use efficiency of wheat-pea rotation system and promote a virtuous circle of farmland ecosystem, and continuously improve soil fertility.