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美国政府十分重视预防由吸烟引起的发病和寿命的缩短。但美国约有近480万大于18岁的成人为吸烟者。每年约有240亿盒香烟被购买。1993年,与吸烟直接相关的医疗费用为500亿美元。在美国总的医疗费用中占相当的比例。对此,美国国家医疗费用监测组进行了更深入的调查。 评估吸烟费用,自愿者被分为无吸烟史者,低于15年吸烟进行,吸烟史15年或更高者,现在正在吸烟者。首先,确定吸烟史与现存的吸烟相关疾病的状况(心脏病、肺气肿、动脉硬化、中风和癌)。其次,在所列每项医疗费中,评估任何花费的可能性和花费水平(如吸烟功能、医疗状况和健康状态),模型包括年龄、种族、经济状况、婚烟状况、教育水平、医疗保险状况、居住区域和肥
The U.S. government attaches great importance to the prevention of morbidity and shortening of life expectancy caused by smoking. However, there are about 4.8 million adults over the age of 18 who are smokers in the United States. About 24 billion cigarettes are purchased each year. In 1993, the medical expenses directly related to smoking were 50 billion U.S. dollars. In the United States accounted for a considerable proportion of total medical expenses. In response, the US National Medical Expenditure Monitoring Team conducted a more in-depth investigation. To assess the cost of smoking, volunteers were categorized as having no history of smoking, smoking less than 15 years, people with a history of 15 years or more who are now smokers. First, determine the history of smoking with existing conditions of smoking-related diseases (heart disease, emphysema, arteriosclerosis, stroke and cancer). Second, in each of the listed medical costs, the likelihood and level of any costs (such as smoking function, medical status and health status) are assessed. The models include age, race, economic status, status of tobacco smuggling, educational level, medical insurance Condition, living area and fertilizer