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目的分析潮州市近年来伤害死亡病例的流行病学特征,为制定伤害干预措施和策略提供参考依据。方法收集《中国疾病预防控制系统—死因登记报告信息系统》中潮州市2008—2011年报告的伤害死亡病例资料,按《国际疾病ICD-10》进行分类,采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果全市2008—2011年共报告伤害死亡病例305例,占报告死亡病例总数的16.89%(305/1 806),年均伤害粗死亡率为2.94/10万,标化死亡率为98.37/10万;男性234例,女性71例,男女性别比为3.03∶1。伤害死亡率居前5位的死因是交通伤害、其他死因、意外跌落、自杀和溺水。交通伤害、意外跌落、溺水和其他死因男性死亡率均高于女性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01或P<0.05);而自杀则女性死亡率高于男性(P<0.05)。各年龄组的主要死因:0～14岁组少年儿童为交通伤害、溺水;15～44岁组青年为交通伤害、自杀;45岁及以上年龄组为交通伤害、意外跌落。结论潮州市伤害死亡情况比较严峻,应继续加强对伤害预防与控制的科学研究,探讨适合该市实际情况的伤害干预措施和策略。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of injuries and deaths in Chaozhou City in recent years and provide references for the formulation of injury interventions and strategies. Methods Data of injuries and deaths reported in 2008-2011 report of China Disease Prevention and Control System - Cause of Death Reporting Information System of China were collected and classified according to ICD-10, and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results A total of 305 cases of injuries and deaths were reported in the city from 2008 to 2011, accounting for 16.89% (305/1 806) of the total number of reported deaths. The average annual death toll was 2.94 / lakh and the standardized death rate was 98.37 / lakh 234 males and 71 females, with a sex ratio of 3.03: 1. The top five causes of death from injuries were traffic injuries, other causes of death, accidental falls, suicide and drowning. Mortality rates of traffic injuries, accidental falls, drowning and other causes of death were higher in males than in females (P <0.01 or P <0.05), while those in suicide were higher than those in males (P <0.05). The main cause of death in all age groups: children aged 0-14 years old were traffic injuries and drowning; young people in the age group of 15-44 years old were traffic injuries and suicide; those aged 45 and over were traffic accident victims who fell accidentally. Conclusion The injury and death in Chaozhou City is rather severe. Scientific research on prevention and control of injuries should be strengthened to explore the injury interventions and strategies suitable for the actual situation in the city.