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目的分析2003-2010年郑州市5岁以下儿童先天异常死亡率的动态变化趋势及流行病学特征,探索未来10年降低5岁以下儿童死亡率有效措施。方法对2003-2010年郑州市5岁以下儿童先天异常死亡监测数据进行回顾性分析。结果郑州市5岁以下儿童先天异常死亡率呈逐年下降趋势;农村死亡率高于城市且下降幅度农村大于城市;5岁以下儿童先天异常死因顺位已逐渐升至5岁以下儿童死亡第一位;先天异常儿童年龄越小死亡比例越高,其中新生儿尤其是早期新生儿死亡最多。结论降低5岁以下儿童先天异常死亡率的重点是做好出生缺陷三级预防,尤其是提高农村基层医院对先天畸形的筛查、产前诊断水平,继续加强农村孕产妇和0岁～3岁儿童保健两个系统管理等工作。
Objective To analyze the dynamic changes and epidemiological characteristics of congenital anomalies in children under 5 years of age in Zhengzhou from 2003 to 2010 and to explore effective measures to reduce the mortality of children under 5 in the next 10 years. Methods The data of congenital abnormal death in children under 5 years of age in Zhengzhou from 2003 to 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. Results The congenital anomalous mortality rate of children under 5 years showed a declining trend year by year in Zhengzhou City. The rural mortality rate was higher than that of urban areas and declined more in rural areas than in urban areas. The congenital anomalies of children under 5 years of age had gradually risen to the first death of children under 5 years old ; The higher the death rate of congenital anomalies is, the more deaths are in neonates, especially in early neonates. Conclusions The key to reducing the congenital anomalous mortality in children under 5 years of age is to make tertiary prevention of birth defects. In particular, screening and prenatal diagnosis of congenital malformations in rural primary hospitals should be strengthened. Continued efforts should be made to strengthen rural pregnant women and children aged 0-3 years Child care two systems management work.