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在京剧传统武生短打戏的剧目中,由《施公案》改编的京剧不下十几种,其中以黄天霸为主角捕盗拿贼,翦除赃官恶霸的短打武戏比较出名,过去戏班术语称为“八大拿”。然而《施公案》小说在文学史中的地位和艺术水平都不甚高,但在戏曲研究中,尤其是在晚清短打武戏的研究中,它却是不能漏掉的一环,有着不容忽视的重要意义。本文通过小说和戏曲曲本进行比较研究,并互相借鉴继承,将有益的艺术移于新创作和改编剧目之中,尽可能为京剧“八大拿”剧目找到理论的依托,进一步辩证看待戏曲艺术与通俗小说在不同历史阶段内的思想倾向性和文史价值。
Peking opera in the traditional drama short play, by the “Shi Gong” Adaptation of Beijing opera no less than a dozen, of which the main protagonist to capture the yellow tyrant captured thieves, remove bully badminton short martial arts play more famous in the theater known as “Eight take ”. However, the stories and novels of Shi Gong’s novels in the history of literature are not very high. However, in the study of opera, especially in the research of the short martial arts in the late Qing Dynasty, it can not be ignored, The significance of Through comparative study of novels and opera scripts, this article draws on each other’s succession, moves the beneficial arts into new creations and adaptations, tries to find a theoretical basis for the Peking opera “Eight Takeles”, and further dialectically treats the opera Ideological Tendency and Cultural and Historical Value of Art and Popular Fiction in Different Historical Phases.